In Support Of Human Cloning Essays - Cloning, Human Cloning, Dolly

In Support Of Human Cloning Essays - Cloning, Human Cloning, Dolly In Support Of Human Cloning Human cloning is unavoidable. As a major aspect of the advancement of science, human cloning will occur paying little mind to who contradicts it. In this paper I will clarify what human cloning is, a portion of the moral and good issues with it, some health advantages it could serve, what a wide range of religions consider cloning people, and at last why I feel this would be advantageous to our general public. So as to comprehend the complaints and the capability of human cloning, one must know precisely it is and how it is finished. So as to clone a living being (creature or human), researchers start with an egg (ovum) of a grown-up female. Ladies by and large produce just a single every month except can be synthetically invigorated to create more. Scientists expel the DNA-containing core from the egg. Cells from the subject to be cloned are gotten by different techniques including a scratching within the cheek, and the DNA-containing core is expelled from one of these. Next the grown-up cell core is embedded into the egg with a refined atomic exchange, and the egg is animated (electrically or artificially) to fool it into partitioning simply like an incipient organism. At the point when the undeveloped organism arrives at the proper stage, you embed it into the uterus of the lady who will bring forth it. After incubation, the clone is conceived in the typical way (Eibert, standard. 2-5). The youngster that is conceived because of cloning would be almost hereditarily indistinguishable (the egg holds some mitochondrial DNA that may possibly change the new DNA marginally) to the subject cloned. The clone should appear to be like the grown-up it was cloned from, however that is the place the likenesses would end. The clone would have a totally extraordinary arrangement of life encounters. It would be raised by various guardians, experience childhood in an alternate time and distinctive area, and have various conditions transpire en route. It wouldnt be a similar individual it was cloned from; it would be its own special person who coincidentally had a similar DNA. The qualities of an individual (physical just as social) are enacted by arbitrary decisions on the DNA. An individual has twenty-three chromosomes from their mom and twenty-three from the dad. Regardless of whether an individual has blue eyes is an irregular pick from the two arrangements of chromosomes. Indist inguishable twins are additionally very unique in relation to one another: their fingerprints are extraordinary, now and then one twin will be large and one not, and some of the time one is gay and one isn't. It is these irregular enactments that we cannot control, and these arbitrary initiations might be distinctive in a clone than they were in the first person.(Eibert, standard. 40). So what is society so terrified of? For what reason is the subject of human cloning practically untouchable? I think most of the populace imagines cloning as a type of mass-advertise where one can arrange an infant or make a huge number of indistinguishable individuals. This was a similar kind of dread that in-vitro preparation (IVF, unnaturally conceived children) made when it was begun during the 1970s, and, in principle, this couldnt be all the more off-base. One of the fundamental issues that the vast majority have with cloning of people is they accept that trying to make someone else there will be numerous ineffective endeavors. There is a dread that in framing incipient organisms there will be numerous that are twisted, pulverized, or in any case investigated for logical increase. Marc Zabludoff writes in Fear and yearning that to get one effective birth, numerous children would need to pass on in bombed methodology a completely unsatisfactory practice (6) It has been broadly advanced that in making Dolly, the cloned sheep, it took 277 attempts. This isnt very evident. What it took to clone Dolly was 277 eggs with an intertwined core. Just 27 of them separated past the 2-cell stage. Just 13 of these shaped incipient organisms and were embedded into a sheep uterus; of these 13, just 1, Dolly, was conceived. It wasnt that any of the sheep undeveloped organisms were distorted or controlled, the grown-up sheep basically neglected to imagine, much like a fruitless test-tube origination (Eibert, standard. 12). So this dread of twisted or

Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Chaunticleer :: Chaucer Canterbury Tales

Canterbury Tales - Chaunticleer      In the book Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer, gives us a staggering story about a chicken named Chaunticleer. Chaunticleer, who is the King of his area in his farmland realm. Like a King, he cites entries from savvy people, dreams striking dreams, has a moxie that forces like a bat to leave heck, and is portrayed as an extremely exquisite looking Rooster. He has each trait of an individual having a place with the privileged. Chaucer's shrouded implications and thoughts make us believe that the story is about chickens and livestock, however in actuality he is making the Aristocracy of his timespan the subject of his joke by causing the peruser to acknowledge how dumbfounded the Aristocracy can be to the state of affairs in reality. Chaucer portrays Chaunticleer from various perspectives. One of them is his language. Chaunticleer's language is that of a researcher. He cites various sacred texts in a discussion with Pertelote, for example, Saint Kenelm, Daniel and Joseph (fr om the holy book), and Croesus. From each creator he recounts to a tale about a person who had a dream in a fantasy and the fantasy worked out as expected. He may have been making all the narratives up so as to win the contention with Pertelote, at the same time, this appears to be impossible since he doesn't accept notice to his own recommendation and avoid the fox that experiences him later. He is instructed enough to know these alleged citations yet not keen enough to comprehend the genuine importance of them. It is in the event that he basically brings on the grounds that they assist him with winning the contention with his companion and not on the grounds that he really accepts what they state. Chaucer is utilizing the possibility that the Aristocracy has tutoring all through their adolescence, however it is just done to have apparently significant yet void discussions. His physical appearance is additionally portrayed with such lovely enthusiasm that it makes us think Chauntic leer is paradise on earth. His brush was redder than fine coral, and crenelated like a palace divider; his bill was dark and shone like fly; his legs and toes resembled sky blue; his nails more white than lily; and his shading like the polished gold. Chaucer depicts Chaunticleer as the quintessential Cock, so flawless that his portrayal is not, at this point authentic when we understand he is portraying a Rooster. Chaucer is setting up Chaunticleer to be as majestic and self important as a King.

New Study 51 percent of Americans Are One Missed Payday Away from Financial Ruin - OppLoans

New Study 51 percent of Americans Are One Missed Payday Away from Financial Ruin - OppLoans New Study: 51 percent of Americans Are One Missed Payday Away from Financial RuinInside Subprime: June 11, 2019By Jessica EastoAccording to a new survey by NORC at the University of Chicago, 51 percent of Americans would be forced to dip into savings or find alternative financing if they missed only one paycheck. An additional 15 percent “would experience hardship” after missing two paychecks. A full 30 percent of respondents said they couldn’t miss any paychecks without financial repercussions.The survey paints a stark picture, one in which many Americansâ€"particularly low-income and Hispanic households, according to the dataâ€"have very little financial security.“Even short disruptions in pay can cause significant hardship, as most Americans appear to be living paycheck-to-paycheck,” said Angela Fontes, director of the Behavioral and Economic Analysis and Decision-making (BEAD) program at the research institution that conducted the survey. “The issue is particularly sa lient for Hispanic and for low-income households, where the vast majority of these households would need to begin depleting savings, if they have any, sooner.”Many of these households do not have savings to dip into. Those households reported that they would have to turn to other options, such as credit cards (47 percent), skipping essential bills payments (24 percent), or seeking risky, short-term alternative financing like payday loans or title loans (17 percent).“Research shows that high interest rates on credit cards and short-term loans can be particularly dangerous fallback options that may increase debt and financial challenges over time,” said Fontes. “While the funds made available through a short-term loan may address an immediate financial need, these quick-fix solutions frequently come with long-term consequences.”Fontes may be referring to the astronomical interest rates (almost 400 percent on average) and hidden fees that can build debt traps and wreck credit scores.According to some reports, 40 percent of US households are “liquid asset poor,” which means they do not have access to a basic level of savings. The story is worse for communities of color, with 57 percent of households being liquid asset poor. Another report found that 19 percent of Americans do not have any savings set aside and only 31 percent have set aside $500 for emergencies.Many households are just one emergencyâ€"or one missed paycheckâ€"away from financial disaster or being forced to consider risky financing options.Learn more about payday loans, scams, and cash advances by checking out our city and state financial guides, including Florida, Illinois, Chicago, Ohio, Texas, and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Exxon Mobil Financial Anaysis - 5230 Words

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.2 Corporate Background 1 a. Industry 2 b. Products 2 c. Target market 3 d. Competitive environment 3 2. Income Statement Measures and Discussion 5 a. Exxon Mobil Income Statement 5 b. Net Cash Flow 6 c. Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT) 6 d. Operating Cash Flow (OCF) 7 2.1 Balance Sheet Measures and Discussion 8 a. Exxon Mobil Balance Sheet 8 b. Net Operating Working Capital (NOWC) 8 c. Total Operating Capital 10 d. Net Investment in OPC and Gross Investment in OPC 10 2.2 Free Cash Flow (FCF) 11 3. Financial Ratios 12 a. Quick ratio 12 b. Debt to total asset ratio 13 c. TIE ratio 13 d. P/E ratio 14 e. Market/Book Ratio 14 4.†¦show more content†¦Exxon, Esso, and Mobil are three of Exxon Mobil’s brands that provide fuels, services and lubricants to fulfill personal and business needs. Their products drive modern transportation, power cities, lubricate industry and provide petrochemical building blocks that lead to thousan ds of consumer goods. c. Target market Exxon Mobil being the world’s largest publicly traded international oil and gas company has a very large target market because they supply a high percentage of the people who use energy on a daily bases. Exxon Mobil’s customer mission statement is â€Å"Success depends on our ability to consistently satisfy ever-changing customer preferences. We commit to be innovative and responsive, while offering high quality products and services at competitive prices.† d. Competitive environment The Major Integrated Oil and Gas industry is a very competitive environment. There is no room for relaxation, for a company to be at the top, they must always have to strive to make their product or product better. Below is a list of the top ten competitors of Exxon Mobil. As you can see from the chart below, Exxon Mobil is the leader in this industry and is the largest publicly traded international oil and Gas Company. Exxon Mobil’s Net income compared to its number of employee’s is where one can see how much better

Research Methods Of Health And Social Care - 1726 Words

Research Methods in Health and Social Care Throughout research in Health and social care settings, there are many implications with the research, which takes place. Many research methods include ethical issues which have to be considered when conducting research. Ethical issues need to be considered when research is being conducted, in all methods of conducting the research information. One method of research is using interviews. For example, when using interviews in a care home, when conducting research, many ethical issues can be raised. Interviews not only take place face-to-face, but also can happen on the phone, online, through text messaging, using a video messenger and though social media. Interviews are a very useful way of collecting information because a wide range of detailed information can be collected at a large quantity. There are two types of interviews: structured or unstructured. Structured interviews are where the interviewer has already pre-planned the questions that they will use in the interview. This is useful because the interview can be repeated, as the questions are standardised. Unstructured interviews are not made up of prepared questions. The interviewer will ask more open questions about board topics and then use follow-up questions to gain more answers in further detail. This method of interview is time-consuming however it enables the interviewee to answer questions in more detail and depth. It is possible that audio-recordings can beShow MoreRelatedResearch Methods in Health and Social Care2462 Words   |  10 PagesResearch Methods in Health and Social Care Critical review of quantitative research Majid,S.Foo,S.Luyt,B.Ahang,X.Theng,YL.Chang,YK.Mokhtar,IA.(2011) Adopting and evidence-based practice in clinical decision making: nurses’ perceptions, knowledge , and barriers. Journal of the Medical Library Association 99(3) PP229-236. This essay will be a critical review on the study conducted by Majid et al (2011). The article which is titled ‘Adopting evidence-based practice in clinical decision making: Nurses’Read MoreTraditional Conceptions Of Service Planning And Management1217 Words   |  5 Pages Wherton et al support the notion that if ‘care closer to home’ is to be realised, then industry, health and social care providers must evolve ways to work with older people to co-produce useful and useable solutions. â€Å"Design Participation,† as the event was entitled, was the first international con- ference of the Design Research Society in 1966 (Cross). In the decade preceding the conference, design participation had become a matter of mounting social and political concern with growing impact onRead MoreFactors That Affect The Validity Of Research1280 Words   |  6 Pagesis based on the specific claims that are made on a research and how reliable the claims are supported by the evidence given from the research. There are various factors that affect the validity of research and these factors are: ensuring that the methods used is appropriate for the purpose of the research. The methods can include using the right equipment and knowing the accuracy of it when it’s used to make measurements, observing how the research was carried out, the way the results were analysedRead MoreHealth and social care1434 Words   |  6 PagesIn Health and Social Care Student Name Unit 16: Understanding Specific Needs in Health and Social Care Student No. Assessor name: Christine Pratt Date of Issue Completion date 30/05/2014 11/07/2014 Submitted on Assignment title LO2 Task No. Assess how perceptions of specific needs have changed over time. 1 1.3 LO1 In this assessment you will have the opportunity to present evidence that shows you are able to Analyse concepts of health, disabilityRead Morecare guid Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesin health and social care Unit number: 24 Level: 5 Credit value: 15 Guided learning hours: 60 Unit reference number: A/601/1639 UNIT AIM AND PURPOSE This unit will provide learners with an understanding of methods used to bring information about contemporary health and social care issues to the public, progressing to examining how these methods can influence public opinion. Learners will also have the opportunity to explore a contemporary health and social careRead MoreHealth and Social Care Level 3 Unit 1 P11376 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Effective Communications in Health and Social Care Within this essay, the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care context will be explained. It will also be linked to experiences in work placements for example, may be at a care home for adults with learning disabilities, and physical disabilities. The five contexts which will be researched are; one to one communication, group communication, multi agency working, multi professional working also communicationRead MoreHealth And Social Care Research1505 Words   |  7 PagesIn health and social care research tends to accept the methods of social science research because the projects often involve investigating people’s feelings, observations and attitudes, which do not lend themselves to investigation by scientific methodology. Quantitative research Scientific method involves quantitative information. For example measuring changes in the body and analysing blood or urine samples. Body mass index is used to measure height and weight to distinguish whether an individualRead MoreUnder India’S New National Health Policy, 2015, The Government1621 Words   |  7 PagesNational Health Policy, 2015, the government aims to shape the current and future healthcare system improving upon the last policy, written in 2002. The National Health Policy, 2015, emphasized potentially effective strategies to combat widespread issues by reducing the need for additional physicians amongst the already strained human resources in healthcare, addressing the need for assessment of social determinants, and incorporating the variations in culture in future outreach and care practicesRead MoreHealth Geography Is A Branch Of Social Science1073 Words   |  5 Pages*Health geography approaches. Health geography is a branch of social science which investigates the interaction between people and the environment. Health geography views health from an all-inclusive perspective combining society and space, and it intellectualises the role of place, location, and geography within the realm of health, wellbeing, and disease. To put it simply, health geography examines why space and place are central for health variation in the population. As a result, approachesRead MoreRelationship Between Health Care And Justice950 Words   |  4 PagesPerhaps it was my parents’ socialist upbringing in Yugoslavia or my mother’s struggles with her autoimmune disorders that helped foster my interest in health inequities. Although I now find the relationship between health care and justice fascinating, my initial academic encounters with health care were not anchored in sociological, political, or legal frameworks. Drawn to human physiology and anatomy, I excelled in the biological sciences throughout secondary school. I enrolled in university intent

Presentation and Role of Religion in Chronicle of a Death...

Explore the Presentation and Role of Religion in Chronicle of a Death Foretold Chronicle of a Death Foretold is set in Columbia, where the extreme theocentricity means every character’s actions are intrinsically affected by religion. Whilst Marquez also explores much deeper religious issues, the action of the novel centres on the God-fearing townspeople allowing the murder of Santiago Nasar, which clearly contradicts the Christian commandment ‘Thou shalt not kill’1 Since female virginity is so venerated in the Catholic faith, when Santiago is accused of taking Angela Vicario’s virginity, her life would be worthless without it, and Angela’s brothers are charged with redeeming her honour. The novel can boil down to the assertion that a†¦show more content†¦The reader will also discern the scores of parallels able to be drawn between Santiago and Jesus Christ, making Santiago a literary ‘Christ-figure’. Both were somewhat outcast, in Santiago’s case because he was not a native Columbian. This makes it easier for the town to allow Santiago’s death, and make him the scapegoat. The town’s unwillingness to save Santiago is similar to the Jews choosing to have Jesus killed rather than a murderer. In both cases, those who had the chance to save the innocent man felt terrible afterwards. Jesus had foretold his own death, and although Santiago was blissfully unaware of his demise until it befell him, the narrator states ‘never was there a death more foretold.’ In dying for the sake of Angela Vicario’s honour, Santiago is sacrificed for the sins of others, which was also Jesus’ purpose in dying. In addition, the seven fatal wounds Santiago suffers probably represent the Seven Deadly sins. Even the way in which Santiago was murdered is akin to the Romans’ killing of Jesus. â€Å"The knife went through the palm of his right hand and then sank into his side up to the hilt.†8 The Romans ensured their victims were dead by stabbing them in the side, their hands having been pierced by being nailed to the crucifix. Incidentally, the Vicarios’ knives â€Å"kept coming out clean†9, which denotes Santiago’s innocence. This is amplified by his Christ-like appearance that day, dressed in white. Finally, since Santiago eventually dies in theShow MoreRelatedChronicle Of A Death Foretold1866 Words   |  8 PagesReflective statement: Chronicle of a Death Foretold The expectations of society and status quo are an important influence in Chronicle of a Death Foretold. The various interactive oral presentations that my classmates presented discussed an array of topics which included roles of women and machismo, specifically how women were forced to accept the unfair social expectations placed on them and how men were expected to exemplify macho behavior. My classmates’ presentations also helped me to gain

Theme of a Dolls House free essay sample

While Nora uses general descriptors indicating a lack of definite knowledge Torvald delivers commands in a belittling way, a constant affirmation to his wife (and himself) that he is the man of the house, and therefore, he believes, entitled to control. Ibsen further demonstrates this through Nora’s desire to have some pennies, some financial power of her own. It is made clear in this conversation that Torvald has power over the household assets and through his reluctance to ive Nora any money of her own and his disparaging explanation as to why, Ibsen further sets up the imbalance in power. However not all of the opening act focuses on Nora’s subservience, for example, the device of the macaroons is used to foreshadow the final climax of the play. The forbidden macaroons, that Nora furtively dines upon behind the disapproving Torvald’s back, is a demonstration that Nora is not completely in acceptance of her lack of power. The confectionery is the immediate manifestation of her desire for some form of power and control. The audience’s perception of Nora as a submissive child-like figure, established by her relationship with her husband, is quickly destroyed by the arrival of Mrs. Linde. The initial balance of power lies with Kristine in this alternate relationship, as Nora appears envious of her individuality and freedom in having no commitments to a family. Yet, when Kristine declares â€Å"You’re a child, Nora† (1565), this catalyses the first revelation of Nora’s actual power to the audience. Ibsen reveals that despite her interactions with her husband, Helmer is well indebted to the actions of his wife, who unbeknown to him, are responsible for saving his life. Nora is ecstatic at the fact that she is able to finally disclose her secret to someone; she then proceeds to declare that she has no need to reveal this to her husband as Torvald is already so devoted and so smitten by her current beauty. It is Nora’s false belief in the power she has over her husband, that when it is shown to be misplaced, she reaches the extreme of deciding to leave for ever. The theme of power and control in the text is not merely demonstrated by one character over another, but also by society over the actions of Krogstad and Torvald in particular. Krogstad simply desires a position at the bank because â€Å"my sons are growing up. For their sakes I have to try to win back as much respect as I can in this town. † (1574) He wants to have power in a society, where someone who has committed forgery and is well known for lying has none. This is further demonstrated by the quotation â€Å"What those spiteful men wrote about him in the paper, lies and slander. He’d have lost his job if you hadn’t been sent to enquire,’ as said by Nora as she warns Helmer of the consequences of firing Krogstad. This implies that public opinion also has a form of control in determining what the characters created by Ibsen can and can’t do. Similarly â€Å"if it comes out that the new manager changes his mind when his wife demands it,† as is said by Torvald, shows that society believes that giving into the desires of a wife is a sign of weakness, a sign of a distinct lack of power placed in the influence of a female party. The best demonstration, however, of society’s power over the characters is witnessed in the climax of the play. When Torvald is trying to justify his out-burst at Nora he declares ‘no man sacrifices his honor for the one he loves. ’ Of course, what Helmer means is that he didn’t want to become stripped of all power and respect in society the same fate that Krogstad had suffered. Helmer was not willing to give up this power and respect that his post as bank manager entailed and, bound by this, he was unwilling to perform the miracle Nora had so desired. Other then the power of society over characters Ibsen also introduces the power of law and necessity as minor themes in the play. Mrs. Linde makes no denial of the fact that she married not out of love, but out of necessity to provide for her dying mother. By telling Nora of how little emotional commitment she had to her husband this shows Nora that, when the miracle doesn’t occur, she has no reason at all to stay with Torvald. Krogstad’s use of the power of the law to threaten Nora is also a commentary of Ibsen on society at the time. Nora’s belief that the reasons for which she forged the contract would be enough to save her from punishment (‘surely there must be laws about that,’) is possibly Ibsen’s way of speaking out against the lack of compassion the law shows for those in desperate need, or even against the fact that the power of law is seemingly far greater than the power of love between members of a family. The final element, which is concerned with the issue of power, is its transition between characters throughout the play. Initially Nora believes she has power over her husband in two forms. One is his desire for her as, in her own description, she is ‘such a pretty little thing,’ and two, is the debt of gratitude he owes her for saving his life. By the conclusion of act three, it is clear that Nora has gained the power of independence, but the other two are no longer existent thanks to Helmer’s outburst and Krogstad’s letter. After shedding her fancy dress and re appearing Nora states ‘I’ve changed,’ and from this moment on the infantilism she formerly showed and her inflated self-opinion leaves, and is replaced by a resolute decision and a lucid acceptance of her responsibility. This is almost a complete contrast to the power shift experienced by Torvald. Initially he views his wife as a mere possession, a toy doll which he is able to show off at parties to the admiration of fellow members of powerful society, ‘curtsy here curtsy there – and the vision of loveliness was gone as they say in fairy tales. However when this ‘possession’ of his shows any sign of independence and when he realizes the consequences of her leaving, he is forced to make a series of desperate appeals to Nora’s religion, morals and marital duty in order to attempt to persuade her to stay. The theme of power is a central issue in Ibsen’s ‘A Doll’s House. â€℠¢ Through the presentation of power in the home, the power of society and the transition of control between characters, Ibsen is able to create a commentary on the rights and values of a society devoid of many gender equalities that are present today. The change in Nora, from being under the power of Krogstad and Helmer to eventually leaving the house and the children was a ground breaking power shift to portray in the social setting of late 1880’s and it is due to this radical shake up in the community’s view on the power of independence that â€Å"A Doll’s House† became the most significant piece of Scandinavian theatre of all time.

Assael’s Matrix Essays

Assael’s Matrix Essays Assael’s Matrix Paper Assael’s Matrix Paper Assael’s Matrix Assael distinguished four types of consumer buying behaviour based on the degree of buyer involvement and the degree of differences among brands. The four types are named in the following table and described in the following paragraphs. TABLE 20: Four types of buying behaviour: Level of Significances Between |High Involvement |Low Involvement | |Brands | | | |Significant |Complex Buying Behaviour |Variety-seeking Buying Behaviour | |Few |Dissonance-reducing Buying Behaviour |Habitual Buying Behaviour | 1. Complex Buying Behaviour: Consumers go through complex buying behaviour when they are highly involved in a purchase and aware of significant differences among brands. Consumers are highly involved when the product is expensive, bought infrequently, risky and highly self-expressive. Typically the consumer does not know much about the product category and has much to learn. For example, a person buying a personal computer may not know what attribute to look for. Many of the product features like 16K memory disc storage, screen resolution carry no meaning to him or her. This buyer will pass through a learning process characterized by first developing beliefs about the product, then attitudes, and then making a thoughtful purchase choice. The marketer of a high-involvement product must understand the information-gathering and evaluation behaviour of high-involvement consumers. The marketer needs to develop strategies that assist the buyer in learning about the attributes of the product class, their relative importance, and the high standing of the companys brand on the more important attributes. The marketer needs to differentiate the brands features, use mainly print media and long copy to describe the brands benefits, and motivate store sales personnel and the buyers acquaintances to influence the final brand choice. 2. Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behaviour: Sometimes the consumer is highly, involved in a purchase but sees little difference in the brands. The high involvement is again based on the fact that the purchase is expensive, infrequent, and risky. In this case, the buyer will shop around to learn what is, available but will buy fairly quickly because brand differences are not pronounced. The buyer may respond primarily to a good price or to purchase convenience. After the purchase, the consumer might experience dissonance that stems from noticing certain disquieting features of the product or hearing favourable things about other brands. The consumer will be alert to information that might justify his or her decision. The consumer will first act, then acquire new beliefs and end up with a set of attitudes. Here marketing communications should aim to supply beliefs and evaluations that help the consumer feel good about his or her brand choice. 3. Habitual Buying Behaviour: Many products are bought under conditions of low consumer involvement and the absence of significant brand differences. Consider the purchase of salt. Consumers have little involvement in this product category. They go to the store and reach for the brand. If they keep reaching for the same brand, it is out of habit, not strong brand loyalty. There is good evidence that consumers have low involvement with most low-cost, frequently purchased products. Consumer behaviour in these cases does not pass through the normal belief/attitude/behaviour sequence. Consumers do not search extensively for information about the brands, evaluate their characteristics, and make a weighty decision on which brand to buy. Instead, they are passive recipients of information as they watch television or see print ads. Ad repetition creates brand familiarity rather than brand conviction. Consumers do not form a strong attitude towards a brand but select it because it is familiar. After purchase, they may not even evaluate the choice because they are not highly involved with the product. So the buying process is brand beliefs formed by passive learning, followed by purchase behaviour, which may be followed by evaluation. Marketers of low-involvement products with few brand differences find it effective to use price and sales promotions to stimulate product trial, since buyers are not highly committed to any brand. In advertising a low-involvement product, a number of things should be observed. The ad copy should stress only a few key points Visual symbols and Imagery are important because they can easily be remembered and associated with the brand. The ad campaigns should go for high repetition with short-duration messages. Television is more effective than print media because it is a low-involvement medium that is suitable for passive learning. Advertising planning should be based on classical conditioning theory where the buyer learns to identify a certain product by a symbol that is repeatedly attached to it. Marketers can try to convert the low-involvement product into one of higher involvement. The ways are: ? This can be accomplished by linking the product to some involving issue, as when Crest toothpaste is linked to avoiding cavities. The product can be linked to some involving personal situation, for instance, by advertising a coffee brand early in the morning when the consumer wants to shake oft sleepiness. ? The advertising might seek to trigger strong emotions related to personal values or ego defense. ? An important product feature might be added to a low-involvement product, such as by fortifying a plain drink wit h vitamins, These strategies at best raise consumer involvement from a low to a moderate level; they do not propel the consumer into highly involved buying behaviour. . Variety-Seeking Buying Behaviour: Some buying situations are characterised by low consumer involvement but significant brand differences. Here consumers are often observed to do a lot of brand switching. An example occurs in purchasing cookies. The consumer has some beliefs, chooses a brand of cookies without much evaluation, and evaluates it during consumption. But next time, the consumer may reach for another brand out of boredom or a wish for a different taste. Brand switching occurs for the sake of variety rather than dissatisfaction. The marketing strategy is different for the market leader and the minor brands in this product category. The market leader will try to encourage habitual buying behavior by dominating the shelf space, avoiding out-of-stock conditions, and sponsoring frequent reminder advertising. Challenger firms will encourage variety seeking by offering lower prices, deals, coupons, free samples and advertising that presents reasons for trying something new.

The Eclectic And Reflective Nature Social Work Essay Essays

The Eclectic And Reflective Nature Social Work Essay Essays The Eclectic And Reflective Nature Social Work Essay Essay The Eclectic And Reflective Nature Social Work Essay Essay the typically low degree of wage for people in this class and inflexible nature of traveling from benefit claimant through into employment as restricting factors in increasing the life opportunities of kids and immature people in this sort of state of affairs. To back up this claim the more general findings of Tunnard ( 2004 ) are highlighted which link parental sick wellness jobs and household poorness and indicate that 50 % of handicapped people have incomes below half the national norm, this rises to 60 % for handicapped grownups with kids ( Gould 2006 ) . Guess in this study suggests that the figures would be worse in households where one or more parents experience important and digesting mental jobs. Therefore it is sensible to assume in the instance of Ruth and Megan that their degree of income is and will stay at a low degree without some important lifestyle alterations. Specific links between fiscal adversity and mental wellness are taken from an unpublished paper by Social Exclusion Unit in 2004 detailing the impact of poorness on mental ailment wellness, the trouble people experience had in accessing fiscal advice /services, disproportional dependance on province benefits, fluctuating incomes determined by wellness position and the challenge of procuring the right degree if benefit/personal finance. General findings about the impact on household poorness are besides relevant in the instance of Ruth and Megan and it is a factor that is really likely to add to the symptomology common to people diagnosed with marginal personality upset. Furthermore, as benefits and societal attention resources are constrained against a background of cardinal authorities s thrust to set people back into work, Spencer and Baldwin ( 2007 ) argue that many parents in the UK are expected to convey up their households in the context of unreasonably scarce resources . Therefore, practicians need to take into history Ruth and Megan s societal and economic factors when measuring their single demands, hazard and in finding a curative tract for this household. As might be expected, given these negative fiscal, wellness and well-being determiners societal exclusion is a likely to be a factor that needs to be overcome if an holistic, person-centred attack is to be adopted in back uping this household. Developing schemes to get the better of the destructive behavior that Ruth has developed as her personal header from mechanisms is a cardinal factor in turn toing the wider concern of her and Megan s societal exclusion and isolation. Megan s current state of affairs, which is one of compromised chance, a limited societal life, onerous duties, isolation, scarce personal resources and a deficiency of attending to her ain demands, represents the state of affairs of many carers in the UK, particularly so those who have or have had duties as a immature carer. . Research by Aldridge and Becker, ( 1999, p.306 ) suggests that kids who provide caring support to parents with mental unwellness will be more susceptible to increased degrees of anxiousness, depression, fright, alteration in behavioral and societal forms every bit good as being more at hazard of transmittal of the peculiar parental status . As caring moves through into maturity the hereafter tends to stay black and research from the Health and Social Care Information Centre ( 2010 ) studies increased grounds of hapless wellness, low income and a general sense of hopelessness for carers in the visible radiation of ongoing cuts to societal attention budgets. The chance for any important betterment is every bit cheerless. In sing the inside informations of this instance the eclectic and brooding nature of societal work is an attack that seems suited for the complexnesss back uping people with mental ailment wellness, peculiarly the of all time altering presentations of people who have a diagnosing of marginal personality upset. Payne ( 2009, p.100 ) describes the utility of these attacks in instance work foregrounding how practicians can follow and utilize theories together, possibly all at one time or possibly in turn or utilize different theories in different instances . Because this method requires important accomplishment and understanding Payne cites Epstein ( 1992 ) who suggests that flexible squad attacks to contemplation, argument and application offer a utile manner frontward to the bringing of flexible moment to minute pattern in response to complex instances. Payne ( 2009 ) identifies systems theory as being an of import facet of eclectic method. Pincus and Minahan ( 1973 ) applied the a ttack to societal work pattern and depict three types of system these being informal or natural ( friends/family ) , formal ( community groups, etc. ) and social systems ( hospital/schools, etc. ) . Peoples with mental wellness jobs are likely to hold some trouble in utilizing assisting systems to better their wellness, life experiences and general wellbeing. Using systems theory involves placing the point, and jobs persons experience in the interactions with their environment. The stages of this include measuring ; making/negotiating contracts ; forming/coordinating actions ; re-forming and influencing action systems ; ending alteration attempts. Payne ( 2005 ) extends the application of this attack and makes clear links to ecological systems theory, crisis theory/models and undertaking centred working. The application of these, peculiarly crisis intercession, could work in connexion with Ruth s current troubles and potentially offers short term span toward longer term curative wo rk. However in following this attack it is deserving sing the cautiousness raised by Doel ( 2009 ) and he notes that if done ill than crisis/task centred work can go inflexible, everyday and possibility lead to some degree of societal control. Doel suggests utilizing these methods should be accompanied by developing that considers factors such as values, attitudes and their application in pattern. Sherry ( 2007 ) identifies the increasing consideration and application of fond regard theory ( Bowlby 1973 ) in the causing of marginal personality upset and cites legion influences as menaces to attachment in childhood. Hazard factors in this respect include sexual injury ( Laporte A ; Guttman, 1996 ) , parental disregard ( Paris, 1997, 1998 ) , household instability and emotional disregard all of which are considered to lend to the development of personality manners in big life. For practicians, the logical thinking of Ivey 1989 who suggested utmost behavior by clients could be linked to their development history and the manner they respond and bring intending to their experiences in ulterior life. Therefore hapless parenting experienced by Ruth could hold been instrumental portion in the development of behaviors that for her now carry the label of marginal personality upset ( West A ; Sheldon-Keller ( 1994 ) . Therefore the assemblage of information in appraisal procedures can be a important factor in working out the manner and content of societal work intercession. In sing the tracts of person who experiences important mental wellness issues it is clear that from many positions that society perceptual experiences, life chances and thereby single wellbeing are compromised in many countries of life. The battle for a more balanced and supportive attack to mental wellness has been carried by the service user/survivor motion for many old ages and the demand for reform has led to many runs. It is easy to understand the demand secure better intervention and push through system reforms given subjugation, rejection and widespread ignorance that characterises the history of mental wellness in the UK. Ferguson ( 2008 ) foreground how the now recognized place of the subsister motions forcing for greater acknowledgment of the predicament of people with mental wellness issues came from the digesting effects of stigma, impotence, inequality and segregation which have been utilised to force governmental thought and maintain mental wellness, wellbeing and socie tal attention as political issues. The battle for improved rights and chance among the subsister motion merely truly collected gait in the 1970s ( Campbell 1996 ) ( Beresford, 1997 ) and in the early phases tended to concentrate on little scale self-help and common support enterprises. More late there has been greater, towards collective national runs refering intervention, reacting the alterations of the mental wellness statute law and broader battles to alter attitudes and apprehensions of lunacy and hurt. This has been cardinal to switching the stigma of mental wellness and clearly it is something that needs to go on. General concerns expressed by Campbell ( 2005 ) link good to Ruth s state of affairs and the urgent structural concerns that tend to convey of poorness, deficiency of chance, isolation, ennui, hopelessness and therefore a go oning committedness to province imposed legal and medical limitations are clearly relevant to the instance survey. Evidence of the negative impact of mental sick wellness can be found in the wellness inequalities highlighted in research carried out for the Disability Rights Commission in 2006 which showed that people with terrible mental unwellness are at higher hazard of sick wellness across a figure of conditions. Their study Equal Treatment: Closing the Gap highlighted increased incidence of clinical fleshiness, coronary bosom disease, diabetes, high blood force per unit area among people with terrible mental wellness issues. It besides noted higher hazards in connexion with people developing high blood force per unit area, shot, respiratory jobs and intestin e and chest malignant neoplastic disease. They are besides more likely to smoke. Although the grounds for this inequality are complex and have far making deductions for public wellness policy shapers, the effect remains that people who experience long-run mental ailment wellness dice on mean 5 to 10 old ages younger than other people, frequently from preventable unwellnesss. The response to this research and the continued focal point on issues of inequality, unfairness and stigma by administrations such as Rethink Mental Illness is yielded some important consequences with increased focal point on physical wellness being pursued within community mental wellness squads, increased focal point on speaking therapies and Mental Health ( Discrimination ) Bill traveling through to the House of Lords for farther argument. ( Rethink, 2012 ) However it is progressively evident that people with a diagnosing of marginal personality upset are capable to a specific type of stigma and favoritism that impacts on the relationships that are cardinal to accomplishing to accomplishing some degree of stableness in their lives, these being the therapeutic links with practicians within community mental wellness services. Ruth s status unluckily fits in with the perceptual experience held amongst professionals that it is about or wholly untreatable. Personality disordered patients are frequently described as the patient physiatrists disfavor and are frequently viewed as clip cachexia, hard, attending seeking, and manipulative bed blockers. ( Hadden A ; Haigh, 2002 ) . Having antecedently highlighted the significance of person-centred theory and attacks in developing curative confederations, it is supremely that favoritism within assisting professions can be raised so easy as cardinal restricting factor. Markham ( 2003 ) high spots multiple differences in the reactions of professional staff towards people who have a diagnosing of BPD. The suggestion is that the label leads to increased societal rejection, deceased optimism and acceptance of two-channel typical attitudes by staff hence making hazard of less favorable and thereby effectual intervention every bit compared to other groups of people with terrible and digesting mental wellness issues. As might be expected, the research draws to a great extent on labelling theory: The negative service user experience detailed by Wright A ; Jones ( 2012 ) in typifies Ruth s historical curative tract and include direct quotation marks that are clearly relevant: Rightly or wrongly, I interpreted the label as a mark that I was basically flawed, that the bad parts of me far outweighed any good properties that might besides be portion of my personality aˆÂ ¦and being told that I had a personality upset and that there was no remedy or intervention. The illation was that I was merely made this manner and that was the terminal of it. The article besides highlights the findings of Pilgrim ( 2001 ) who suggest that hapless responses to personality upset occur because causes are non known and that intervention results are frequently unpredictable and undependable. In sing this sort of grounds, it is easy to understand Ruth s surrender following another A A ; E admittance which in her head will convey approximately yet another dissatisfying rhythm curative hopelessness with small opportunity of any success. ( should this paragraph be justified or left centred? ) The state of affairs raised in the instance survey typifies many of the negative issues associated with the support that people with a diagnosing of marginal personality upset receive: dismissive attitudes, inconsistent attacks and autocratic attacks seem to be consistent subjects and are evidently non altering the nature and results of curative intercessions. While it might be hard at this phase, it seems of import for Ruth to take some duty perchance self-managing some grade of the presenting hazard which is consistent with the counsel provided by Wright and Jones ( 2012 ) and is besides in line with best pattern as detailed in the NICE counsel ( 2009 ) . This should be clearly stated within the attention program. Mead and Copland ( 2000 ) suggest that people are able to turn through positive hazards taking and that authorization through individual centred support can reframe typical service user response to hard, crisis state of affairss. Practically this can be supported through clear and effectual attention planning and this should be built into an person s intervention and crisis program. Ruth, along with her attention coordinator, should carefully see schemes to pull off ague and chronic hazards developing and integrating these in the attention program as appropriate. This will guarantee consistence when the attention coordinator is absent, guaranting that Ruth s attention and support follows boundaries and consistence agreed with her and thereby guaranting she is treated with self-respect, regard and compassion. Although hazard to self which Sherry ( 2007 ) clearly links to the diagnosing of marginal personality upset must be responded to in the context of community mental wellness services, admittance to psychiatric inpatient unit should merely take topographic point as a last resort and the least restrictive options should be pursued. The stepped attention theoretical account offers a utile statutory response and if hazards remain elevated so Ruth should be considered foremost for the high strength squad so a referral crisis declaration and place intervention squad, notwithstanding any negativeness that may environ her historical presentations. If possible excess support from attention coordinator would be the ideal solution, as this would use the curative relationship in topographic point to back up and steer Ruth through her crisis. In systematically disputing state of affairss Ruth s attention coordinator could besides research with Ruth and Megan a autonomous support ( SDS ) bundle. Th is bundle could back up with activities of her pick and it is possible for this to be used for Ruth to research and entree some community resources hence constructing societal webs for Ruth and alleviating Megan of some of the force per unit area of her carer s function. Hatton and Waters ( 2011 ) place the comparative success of SDS/personalisation in connexion with people sing mental wellness issues and this is at its most good when persons pursue direct payments and unafraid support on their ain footings. Whichever option in footings of ongoing support is chosen so it seems that there is demand for a more collaborative, shared attack both in connexion with hazard and besides around longer-term support schemes. The work and theories of Rogers ( 1956, 1957 ) specify the nucleus conditions of reding including unconditioned positive respect ( UPR ) , empathy and congruity for curative relationships to win peculiarly so in the context of personality alteration. It is of import to observe that this is a value based attack and religion that the individual can determine their ain positive hereafter if the status highlighted above can be provided. It is non a set of tools and techniques that can be turned on and off to accommodate practician demands at a given clip or chance. It links good to considerations around motivational attacks and Ruth s and Megan s desire to travel on is a good index in this respect. Basically, by following humanistic attacks, the purpose is to develop a form of inter action and support which keeps Ruth centrally involved in the nature and form of the curative relationship which will of course affect cardinal determinations about, hazard, intervention options, attention planning and end planning. Clearly this type of interaction is hard to sketch to all involved professionals but careful entries and appraisal within electronic records can assist significantly in modifying the responses all statutory workers who may meet Ruth in the professional work. If this person-centred attack is adopted so it will stand for a important displacement in the attention and support Ruth has received in her short psychiatric calling .

Vomiting Reflex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Vomiting Reflex - Essay Example This means that it can receive direct emetogenic stimulation from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. The CTZ sends impulses to the vomiting impulses to the vomiting centre. The process of vomiting includes the retching and the expulsive phase. In the retching phase, the vomiting centre transmits motor efferent impulses to the abdominal muscles and the diaphragm resulting in increased intra-abdominal pressure. It also results in anti-peristalsis forces that can go all the way to the duodenum and ileum. Gastric content accumulates in the stomach resulting in relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (John, 2010). This is accompanied by hypersalivation, increased heart rate and sweating through the parasympathetic outflow. The hyoid bone and the larynx are elevated so as to open the upper esophageal sphincter. This is followed by the closure of the glottis. The increased intra-abdominal pressure and anti-peristalsis forces results in the expulsion of the abdominal contents. The following is a flow chart demonstrating the vomiting reflex. The contents and color of the vomitus may be used to diagnosis the cause of vomiting. Bleeding from the esophagus is showed by the presence of fresh blood in the vomitus. When the blood originates from the stomach, for example, perforated peptic ulcer, the vomitus has coffee ground appearance. This is because the acid found in the stomach reacts with the iron found in hemoglobin. Presence of bile in the vomitus indicates that the pyloric valve is open. This means that there is massive contraction of the duodenum leading to expulsion of bile (John, 2010). Fecal content in the vomitus indicates a gastrocolic fistula or intestinal obstruction. In case of intestinal obstruction, the vomiting relieves the associated abdominal pain and distension. These features are used to determine the origin of pathology in the gastrointestinal

MPH502 - Introduction to Public Health Module 4 - Case Essay

MPH502 - Introduction to Public Health Module 4 - Case - Essay Example Health indicators involve a careful analysis of mortality and morbidity rates of various groups (ethnic, racial or others), their life expectancy, standards of life, birth rates, records of prevalence of specific diseases, information about the access of a particular group to medical and health facilities, financial backgrounds of groups, educational standards and so on. The health disparities that exist between various groups are mainly the result of genetic variations, environmental factors and specific health behaviors. These are the most influential and useful indicators of health disparities that prevail in the ethnic and racial groups in the US. The causes of these differences also involve the lack of healthcare facilities available to a particular group, discrimination on the basis of gender, race, financial and social grounds etc. inadequate knowledge and educations, environmental differences and other reasons of this type. The diverse population of the United States requires careful attention to be managed properly when it comes to such delicate matters as health and life. In order to improve the health conditions, it is important to eliminate the health disparities that exist. Some ways are to utilize the information of death rates of groups and improve policies in order to eliminate the factors that are causing deaths in that particular group. Moreover, the accessibility to healthcare facilities must be available to all groups regardless of their racial, religious and cultural differences. Education is a must to improve the long term conditions of health for such a diverse population. Hence, educational facilities and their availability with proper guidance to the parents and students is also a factor to consider. There are certain environmental factors which are leading to adverse health outcomes in certain racial and ethnic groups. These environmental issues (both physical and social) are difficul t to be handled

Ethnic Relations in Malaysia

Ethnic Relations in Malaysia 1.0 Introduction Malaysia is a country of over 200 ethnic groups. Among the Malays, Chinese, Indians, Kadazan-Dusun, Iban and others. With people from different cultural, ethnic or otherwise has always been on the agenda in the management of society and rule this country. Because of the diversity of cultures, religions and languages ​​of the citizens of this country, then timbulah various problems involving ethnic relations. One could say that racism will always be a demarcation between the various races. This in turn can create tension and conflict between communities and thus may lead to bloodshed. Based on the events of May 13, some important things that should be taken seriously in building a united Nagara. In this case, it appears factor harmonious ethnic relations is the key to the balance between a strong economy and political stability. Very strong ethnic ties to the citizens of a country rife diversity in religion, language, culture and ethnicity. Malaysiayang people of various races and religions need to consider themselves as Malaysians who think and act towards achieving a common goal. In line with this, the prevailing unity between the races in this country should be strengthened to create a more peaceful environment, advanced, safe and prosperous. 2.0 Challenges of ethnic relations 2.1 Challenges of the economic aspects of ethnic relations One of the challenges of ethnic relations in the economic aspects of the physical separation. This physical separation inherent effect of the policy of divide and rule adopted by the British colonialists in the past. Physical separation is causing causing an ethnic group that does not recognize or have the opportunity to interact more frequently because living in different provinces. This relationship alienate relations and interactions and reinforce the sense of belonging and ethnocentrism among members of every ethnicity. This could give rise to prejudice, stereotypes and maintain ignorance among members of an ethnic group against another ethnic group. Each ethnic group has its own education system and still use the syllabus as practiced in their home country. Malay students studying in the school Melayudan using the Malay language. The Indians were studying in Tamil schools and Tamil languages. As for the Chinese, they are studying in school and Mandarin Chinese. As a result, interactions among them only about ethnicity. The social contract also also frequently raised by some parties. The social contract is an agreement reached during independence in drafting the constitution. Among the issues that is often raised is the special position of the Malays, Islam, the Malay language, and so on. Any issue raised or social contract could lead to estrangement hubungn ethnic groups in Malaysia. 2.2 Challenges of the economic aspects of ethnic relations In the economic sector, there is a wide gap in terms of economic dominance. Most Malays dominate the agricultural sector is relatively backward. Chinese people generally dominate the more developed sectors of business and commerce. While the Indians dominated the farm-based economy. Consequently, the existence of different income gap between ethnic groups. British policy that put people on the job cause certain ethnic dominate in any one field of work. The Malays are mostly engaged in agriculture, fishing and serving as a public servant. Most Chinese people are involved in the business sector and mining. While most of the Indians are laborers on the estate. This difference has caused dissatisfaction among certain ethnic groups. Indirectly, this strengthening lgi racism. 2.3 Challenges of the political aspects of ethnic relations In this country there are different political parties based on ethnic groups and all political parties to uphold the interests of the ethnic groups represented. Politok racism can cause dissatisfaction and reinforce racism if expression of specific ethnic interests made without taking into account the interests of all parties. If the issue of racism, such as language, culture, education, religion, nationality and economic raised, then this action will not contribute towards the direction of a cohesive society. 2.4 Challenges of the inter-ethnic Malaysia is a country consisting of a pluralistic society. Therefore, there are many differences in terms of religion, language and culture of the society in Malaysia. Each ethnic group to defend their culture and customs, ethnic prioritize them and may also consider only the best of their culture. This led members of ethnic preference for members of the same ethnicity in choosing a friend, get a job and the outcome will ultimately create inter-ethnic polarization. Apart from the existence of a multi-language press to prioritize their ethnic group would reinforce the feeling of the respective ethnic groups. Challenges in terms of the importance of these values ​​will create bigger problems if the notion of ethnocentrism is the belief in the community. 2.5 The challenges of globalization Globalization refers to the borderless world where relationships become increasingly short and quick. We can know the state of the outside world with a quick and fast and all the information can be passed without any limitations.Globalisation brings in influences from the West in terms of ideology, culture Hedonism and negative values, a free economy, science and technology and destructive political system that is considered best for all people. Through globalization, the Western powers are exporting all kinds of evils that harm the country and the environment, culture, entertainment and exploitation of human resources and raw materials. These symptoms result in the disappearance of the luhar and Western thought accepted into society. Their success was aided by the local community who consider all coming from the west is good and modern. This will have an impact on ethnic relations, integration, unity, easy to conflicts and even worse inviting communal riots. Indirectly, this situation will worsen ethnic relations in Malaysia. 3.0 The role of government in improving ethnic relations 3.1 Establishment of the Department of National Unity and National Integration Racial riots on May 13, 1969 was an eye opener about the importance of the various efforts to more serious focus in managing differences and sensitivities in a plural society like Malaysia. Following the event, the National Operations Council (NOC) was established. On July 1, 1969, the Department of National Unity under the command of the NOC was created to address issues related to the reconstruction of social cohesion in our country at that time (Department of National Unity and National Integration, 2006). After the dissolution of the NOC, the National Unity Advisory Council was established on 23 February 1971. Responsibility to nurture and protect national unity, the country continues to be placed under the responsibility of the Department of National Unity. Between 1990-2004, the Department of National Unity was placed under the Prime Minister by the name of National Unity and Integration Department (JPNIN). Starting from independence until now, the government has developed and emphasis on some socio-economic policy in the lead to the unity and harmony of the diverse communities and national integration. Policies intended, including the National Education Policy, the National Cultural Policy and the New Economic Policy. Such policies have been strengthened further by introducing Pillars of the national ideology. To reduce the political actions that can divide people, efforts were made to form the National Front. As a follow up in an effort to create and strengthen the Malaysian race., Several other policies were developed. Among them are the National Development Policy, the National Vision Policy and National Social Policy. Governments position was further emphasized in the 2020 statement. JPNIN through the Action Plan for Unity and Integration 2005-2010, have planned a variety of efforts to promote and enhance national unity and integration of: 1. Political Strategy: Understanding 2. Economic Strategy 3. Strategies Education 4. The National Language Strategy Use 5. Strategies Religion 6. Cultural Strategy 7. Strategies Regional Integration 8. Strategies Security 9. Area Development Strategy 10. Strategies of Human Energy Use 11. Strategies Mass Media 12. Strategies Sportsmanship 13. Correctional Strategy Unity 14. Strategies Voluntary Organisations 15. Strategies Reading Research and Publications 16. Strategies Monitoring Current Issues and Conflicts 17. Strategies establishment of the National Unity Advisory Panel (PANEL) and Unity State Level Advisory Committee (JKPPN) 18. Strategies and Activities Program Unity Other strategies: -Creating training in intercultural communication -Establish auditing government policies -Develop an ethic of human rights and responsibilities to the people of Malaysia Publication reading extensively about the races in Malaysia. 3.2 Strengthening the schools vision The education system cutting across various streams cause no specific mold that can be used to form a cohesive society. multi-stream education system that exists now has resulted in parents of students choose streams according to their own folk. Efforts to foster unity must start early with mambabitkan primary schools in the same mold. As such, national schools should be empowered to adopt a spirit of unity among students of various ethnic backgrounds. Thus, students can be trained to live and work together with patriotism and high berakomodatif. Therefore, efforts should be taken to strengthen national schools in the national education system in order to place a stronger platform to unite the various races in the country without compromising national-type primary schools that have been agreed upon by all ethnic groups under the social contract. All parents are given the freedom to send their children to national schools. If they choose Chinese schools or Tamil, then no one can stop them. However, primary school is an institution of education for the children of Malaysia to meet the aspirations and a national identity. School is not just the ability to educate students but help instill the values ​​of unity among students from racial palbagai. The national school is a mainstream education for all Malaysians regardless of race. To foster unity and confidence in one school system, national schools must be made more attractive to attract the non-Malays. In the Ninth Malaysia Plan, to make national schools the school of choice, the quality of teaching in these schools will be ranked by 100 per cent in secondary schools and 25 per cent of primary school teachers will have a first degree in 2010. Spirit of unity among students not only need to be nurtured by the school but also institutions of higher education. Measures to be undertaken are as follows, namely: 1. Not aside the native language proficiency respectively by introducing the teaching of Mandarin and Tamil. 2. Provide awareness to students about the importance of interaction between ethnic groups. 3. Developing more activity between ethnic groups 4. Conduct a program of interaction between the school and incorporate elements of ethnic interaction in the curriculum and enhance the skills to interact with other ethnic groups. 3.3 National Service (NS) National Service (NS), first implemented in 2004, is specialized in mandatory training for three months in camp and boarding for teenagers Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. NS carried out with the Rukun Negara and interdisciplinary curriculum that includes four modules, namely the physical module (among other activities include marching, the obstacles, cross-country skiing and hiking the woods); statehood module (knowledge of national construction or nation-building); Character Building Module (exploration of self and interpersonal) and Community Service Module (includes among other activities such as collaborative clean, beautify and invigorate the surrounding area). NS non-exertion or follow the trend adopted by other countries. As stated by the Department of National Service, NS aims to boost patriotism among the younger generation, foster national unity and integration, develop positive character through the values, the spirit of volunteerism, and giving young people more active, intelligent and confidence. NS indeed contribute to the cultivation of unity, especially among young people because of all the activities carried out to emphasize the spirit of goodwill and mutual tolerance among participants regardless of race or religion. The module is able to inculcate nationalism will love the homeland as well as allow them to learn the customs and culture of various communities. When there is a sense of patriotism within the participants, solidarity and integration and mutual cooperation among the races in Malaysia to be created because each had one goal, which is to see Malaysia as a country of peace and harmony. This could eventually produce teens who are willing to sacrifice for the unity of the nation. 4.0 The role of society in the context of ethnic relations 4.1 Neighbourhood Watch Neighbourhood Watch Scheme was introduced in 1975 following applies Essential Regulations (Neighbourhood Watch 1975). In the early stages, Pillar Tetanggga allows people to control security in their homes. With a focus on the tasks that are required to patrol the community between the ages of 18 to 55 years. Beginning January 1, 1983 the government introduced a reform with emphasis on the neighborhood concept that aims to foster and strengthen neighborhood spirit among the local community. Consequently, The Essential (Neighbourhood Watch) Act 1975 has been amended for this purpose. In 2000, the approach of Neighbourhood Watch was amended once again with a broader mandate, namely the development of society as a whole to create national unity. Vision Neighbourhood Watch is to assist in the building of a united Malaysia in the context of Vision 2020. While its mission is to foster mutual understanding and tolerance towards the development of a united Malaysian nation with its own identity and its motto was the United Progressive Direct. The objectives of Neighbourhood Watch, which is to preserve, promote and strengthen national unity and national integration in line with national development policies based on the Federal Constitution and the Rukun Negara. To ensure the goals are achieved Neighbourhood Watch, a number of activities carried out by the Neighbourhood Watch community can be categorized into a number of activities as follows: Social: the practice of visiting during the festive seasons like Hari Raya, Chinese New Year, Deepavali, Christmas, Gawai festival intensity, and Family Day. Education, informal education, colloquium neighbor women, motivational courses, leadership courses, tuition, lectures in various fields. Sports Neka, running, football, handball, netball, water sports, traditional sports, sports and others. Recreation, tai chi, expedition climbing, hiking and mountaineering, tents and other work. Health and environment-related health talks, anti-drug, AIDS, cancer, cleanliness campaigns, anti mosquito and protect public property. Arts and cultural-dance classes, crafts, traditional games, gamelan classes, drums, traditional dances, lion dance, theater and others. Economic activities in hydroponic crops, livestock freshwater fish and making the water pepper Neighbourhood Watch Scheme was introduced in 1975 as a measure to allow the people themselves to control and protect the security of their residential area. The scheme was subsequently renewed by emphasizing the concept of a neighborhood with a philosophy that will ensure the well being of neighborhoods of the country. At present the role of Neighbourhood Watch Scheme extended further with the community development approach to ensure the unity and harmonious relations in the community will remain unchanged and continue. As of May 2006, there were 3228 Neighbourhood Watch areas were established throughout the country.Neighbourhood Watch Committee has organized various activities in their communities. From January to May 2006, the Neighbourhood Watch across the country have adopted a total of 36 029 activities. This activity aims to enable local residents acquaintances helping in trouble together, interact and foster closer ties at the grassroots level between leaders and people and between people of different ethnicity, customs and culture (Ministry of National Unity and National Integration). 4.2 Open House The open house will be held by all Malaysians when the festive season. All ethnic groups in Malaysia will often visit the home-visiting different neighbors even ethnic. For example, during the celebration of Hari Raya, Chinese, Indian, Kadazan, Iban and others will visit the home of the Malays and vice versa for the other ethnic groups. Ethnic Chinese example will endeavor to provide kosher food to ethnic Malays when inviting ethnic Malays came to the house during Chinese New Year. This shows that the Chinese really care and understand the culture of the ethnic Malays. The ethnic Malays will not serve beef to the Indians when they came to the house during Hari Raya. These considerations demonstrate harmonious ethnic relations firm always prevailed among the people and understand and respect each others culture. Practice proves social integration among different communities so high despite race, religion and culture. 4.3 Acceptance of Culture Today, the non-Malays in Malaysia started receiving Malay culture in terms of food and clothing. For example, the non-Malays handsome styling baju kurung and baju Melayu, especially on Friday and this phenomenon is normal for non-Malay students. To the Malays, they began to receive Chinese and Indian cuisine as well as the provision of cash from an envelope or red packet using a well-known among Chinese people. Adults also have to look at housing estates, there is the same placement for all ethnic definitely this will encourage more ethnic relations among the people through local activities. 4.4 Programs in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) The student affairs through associations and clubs must always promote activities and programs that lead to unity among students. For example, through the activities of the Lantern Festival, which involves not only the Chinese and Indian students, but also to be accompanied by Malay students. Touching student leadership, turned out to be dominated by a particular race, but to also consist of various races such as the Student Representative Council (SRC). The course content in all educational institutions should emphasize educational aspects in a harmonious multi-racial society. Spiritual values ​​and common culture should be given preference in the subject of Nationalism, Islamic and Asian and Ethnic Relations. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the curriculum of personal morality and character of the students. This is because high personality to be the foundation of all spiritual and cultural values ​​that will unite the younger generation. Ike created a club or club Pillars of unity at each university is a very good step for this proposal is an effort to instil awareness of the importance of racial unity. Thus, the student affairs accordingly encourage the students to join the club or club Pillars of unity by giving certain privileges such as exemption of credit and so on. The university should also provide support for the activities carried out both in terms of material or advice. Co-curricular activities is a field of study that emphasizes the nurturing and development of the individual through the psychomotor, cognitive and effective. Thus, extra-curricular activities such as sports programs implemented, clubs, associations, exhibitions, lectures and many more should be intensified and expanded again among students of all races. Outside of the academic system, the students should be involved in various community activities such as foster families, associations and uniform. This experience will be very valuable in understanding how the lives of Malaysians. The unity and community service activities have an important role in encouraging participation and shared experience between them. Thus, the incentive for such activities must be in close collaboration with the government and the private sector. The students must be assigned in community service projects such as the operation of community service, students return home and so on. The lecturer also needs to be applied and exposed to racial unity attitude positive. The lecturer must be exposed to courses such as sociology of race and ethnic relations to apply the values ​​that are important in nurturing students for racial harmony. Indeed, the lecturers have a big role as agents to spread unity and harmony in this multiracial country. They are agents of integration and unity that plays an important role in encouraging more interaction through assignments and academic projects. 5.0 Role of NGOs in the Context of Ethnic Relations While there are organizations based on ethnic groups, but there are parent organizations at the national level umbrella organizations such as ethnic-based Malaysian Youth Society, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Malaysia and many more. This of course can speed up the process of ethnic relations through the role played by NGOs. Talking about whether aspects of leadership at the national level or association leaders attended by leaders of various communities. For example, the leadership of the Malaysian Youth Council attended by all the ethnic groups in Malaysia. Despite the division of society according to race, as the 4B Youth Movement, Youth Association Tamil, Malay Chamber of Commerce Malaysia, Malaysian Chinese Chamber of Commerce and the Indian Chamber of Commerce Malaysia, but this should be used by these organizations to create various dialogues and seminars in order to understand the problems that exist and find the solution. For example, the Muslim Youth Movement of Malaysia (ABIM) has always held a seminar to explain the importance of ethnic relations in the context of Malaysia. Therefore, the role of the private sector and the government is required to contribute funds to increase research and development for innovation and drive economic growth. These funds are available such as the Intensive Research Priority Areas (IRPA) and grants from private and institutional organizations such as the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC), the National Academy of Sciences and many more is the generator of economic development. Because science and technology are so plays an important role in the economic development of the country, then this aspect is very important in increasing ethnic Malaysians. This is because when the national economy is growing rapidly as well as political stability, will be able to attract more investors either from within or outside the country to drive economic growth. This in turn provide employment opportunities to all segments of society regardless of ethnic groups. Consequently, the standard of living will increase, the gap could be balanced and the economy is capable of creating harmony in Malaysian society. 6.0 Conclusion Ethnic relations is a very important thing for pluralistic Malaysian society. Ethnic relations will produce a harmonious Malaysian society, mutual cooperation and understanding, and always appreciate the social contract has been agreed since the beginning of independence. Efforts should be continued to ensure hubungn ethnic groups in Malaysia are always in good condition. These efforts involve the role of government, community and non-governmental organizations. What is important in ensuring that ethnic relations are in good condition, these efforts must be answered by all levels of society. Cultural diversity in Malaysia should not pose a problem of racism. Every race or ethnicity should know and memainkn their role in ensuring racial conflict as the May 13 recur. This unity is essential in order to contribute towards making Malaysia a developed nation by 2020. In this regard, the prevailing unity between the races in this country should be strengthened to create a more peaceful environment, advanced, safe and prosperous. Therefore, all the cooperation of all parties such as government, community and non-governmental organizations is desirable to improve ethnic relations in Malaysia Nagara. Bibliography When Isaac (2001). Malaysia from 1945 to 2000. Utusan Publications Distributors Sdn. Ltd.: New York Shamsul Amri Baharuddin (2007). Ethnic Relations Module. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Teknologi Mara. http://agy7500.blogspot.com/2009/08/siri-225-pelbagai-soalan.html (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })()

Choose to scenes from the film that illuminates the text of Educating :: English Literature

Choose to scenes from the film that illuminates the text of Educating Rita by Willy Russell When the play was written there was a still a cultural divide between the uneducated (as in no higher education) working class and the cultural and educated upper class but higher education was slowly being madeavailable to the masses. This was partly due to Open University (OU) with provided a university education to those who normally would have not been able to go due to employment or the fact that they might feel they wouldn't fit in, like Rita, because of the cultural differences. Rita feels she needs an education to fill her life, as she knows that something in her life is not right and so she turns to the part of a life she doesn't have -education and knowledge of culture- to fill the gap. However as we find out this is not necessarily what she is missing, but in her search for an education she finds 'a new Rita', she even changes her name back to Susan. Susan is Rita's real name, however when she started OU she changed it to Rita after Rita Mae Brown, someone who she thinks writes literature, but in fact writes "pulp- fiction" stories, because at this time she thinks all books are literature- this shows the cultural difference. The play Educating Rita by Willy Russell gained great popularity especially during the early eighties. There has also been a movie made from it starring Julie Walters and the more famous Michael Caine. As so often the case, the movie was more elaborate with additional scenes, some of which were spoken of or retold by the actors in the play. The movie also included several actors while the play only featured two, Frank and Rita. In this essay I am going to explore how the film illuminates parts of the text when performed on stage. Although most of the details are small and subtle, they have a great impact on how the story portrayed. The movie offers much more background information on other characters and events that are important to the story. The play is much more restricted in the sense that a great many things are bound not to happen on stage, especially as there are only two characters. In fact nothing taking place outside Frank's office can be seen by the audience. All action is then confined within the stages four walls. When Frank invites Rita to his home for dinner in the play the

My Personal Interest Project Essay

The Internet is a growing space with infinite potential, yet we must question the truth and reliability of some things. Sherry Turckle, author of Together Alone quoted a subject of hers as saying â€Å"When things happen in real-time that’s it you have to show emotion and have quick responses, there is not more time left to think† My personal interest project (Henceforth referred to as PIP) is an investigation into the desire to create an online pseudo and the impact it is having on people’s social skills across a range of social situations. My first idea was to study the affect of vaccinations in society but that changed when my interest in social identity grew. The initial idea began when during conversation the topic of ‘fake’ people on the Internet was brought up and the conversation wound its way into the desire to change your identity and how that can effect the first time you meet someone face-to-face and they realise you are not the sock puppet you resonated to be via the internet. After thought on that idea, I became interested in what drove an increasing amount of people to alter themselves on the Internet and the comparison between reactions in people in a situation online and the same situation in ‘real-time’. The way peoples minds work, and the reasoning behind decision making has always intrigued me and I now have a chance to explore it in depth. This research idea resonates with the topic Change and Continuity within the Society and Culture syllabus. It explores the changing uses of technology on social and cultural practices and traditions. The primary methodologies I am using include; Interviews with professors studying similar concepts consisting mainly of open-ended questions, Focus groups to collect primary information on the comparison of effects in regard to different social situations, Questionaries to enable me to collect a range of answers for general questions and personal reflection which allows me to include my own experiences from my micro world and aid in the answering of the hypothesis, It will also allow me to see the way I have reacted in the same social situations or would potentially react. I will be constructing a questionnaire to get a general idea on the topic; I will also be constructing a group of 30, all of specific age groups, and having them record their experiences in 10 different day-to-day social situations and recording how they reacted to the situations via social media and in real-time. I aim to discover a deeper insight into the desire to change who you are over the Internet and the impact the Internet is having on peoples ability to function in day-to-day social situations. I have experienced the changing of peoples behaviours in situations were the Internet is not readily available and wish to explore the reasoning behind why people feel the need to create an online pseudo yet are slowly losing their real-time social identity and skills.

Nucor Case Analysis Essay - 2164 Words

Nucor Corporation Case Analysis Section 1: Recommendations Recommendation 1: To expand more internationally by building plants in lower property taxed areas with low tariffs to ship products out. Recommendation 2: To put in place job descriptions for employees. By doing this it will save Nucor litigation fees and troubles if something arises in the workplace between the employee and Nucor about job duties, injuries, etc. Recommendation 3: Other than expanding internationally, Nucor should make joint ventures with suppliers to keep the cost down of the product. A lot of scrap that is used is imported so it would be a good idea for Nucor to utilize that to reduce costs of making their products. Section 2: Problem(s) Even†¦show more content†¦Another recommendation that I have for Nucor is instead of buying existing plant capacity, make new plants elsewhere or form a joint venture with a supplier to help save money. (Exhibit 3) This would decrease cost of supplies so they would have the extra money to build elsewhere or build a ne plant. By using the SWOT analysis (Exhibit 1) it let me break up Nucor into different parts to see what their strengths and weaknesses are. Nucor is solid with technology and treating the employees correct but the weaknesses that affect Nucor are more market based with some internal problems. Nucor has products for many different industries including automotive and housing. This can cause issues for Nucor if those industries take a fall, which they have over the last 5 years. It’s a good idea to be in these industries but Nucor has to realize what can happen to sales and revenues when one or both of those industries take a fall. Nucor has been expanding more in the United States, recently just building a plant in Louisiana (Exhibit 5). This plant will be a 750 million dollar purchase and will be a mill for pig iron. Nucor is expanding all over the United States but needs more presence internationally plan and simple. Nucor is a solid company with shareholder equity increasing each year; they have a solid stock in the NASDAQ market and continue to be a healthy steel company. They can and willShow MoreRelatedNucor Case Analysis4059 Words   |  17 PagesIndividual Case Analysis BUS490 Comprehensive Examination Nucor Steel Corporation Written by: Lukas Kubilius Professors: Bonnie J. Straight Julian J. Prewitt Lithuania Christian College 2 March 2005 Overview of situation Nucor Corporation with 24 plants/divisions and 8,000 employees, operated in nine states recycling more than 10 million tons of scrap steel annually. 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